Operating Environment
The J1600 is designed for indoor, floor-to-floor transport. This page lists the environmental limits a site must meet, in both automatic and manual mode.
Preliminary specifications
These January 2026 specifications are preliminary and subject to change.
Environmental limits
| Parameter | Metric | Imperial/other |
|---|---|---|
| Gradeability, automatic mode | 0° | 0% |
| Gradeability, manual mode, no load | 2.86° | 5% |
| Gradeability, manual mode, full load | 1.72° | 3% |
| Maximum traversable bump height | 25 mm | 1 in |
| Maximum traversable gap width | 20 mm | 0.8 in |
| Minimum operating temperature | 5°C | 41°F |
| Maximum operating temperature | 40°C | 104°F |
| Relative humidity | 20–80% | non-condensing |
| Floor flatness/levelness | TR34 FM3 | FF 25 / FL 20 |
| Ingress protection | IP21 | protected against objects over 12.5 mm and vertically dripping water |
What the limits mean in practice
- Automatic mode is a level-floor application. With 0% automatic gradeability, slopes, ramps, and steep dock plates remain manual tasks. In manual mode the vehicle climbs up to 5% unloaded or 3% fully loaded.
- Small floor defects are tolerated. Bumps up to 25 mm and gaps up to 20 mm can be traversed; the floor must meet TR34 FM3 (FF 25 / FL 20) flatness.
- Indoor climate only. IP21 protection and the 5–40°C, 20–80% non-condensing range rule out outdoor operation, cold stores below 5°C, and wet areas.
The division of labor follows from these limits: the operator handles dock plates, slopes, and irregular surfaces manually, and the robot automates the level-floor travel. See Dual mode and Applications for fit guidance.
Real-world validation
The company validates the J1600 at its Copenhagen demo and test area under intentionally real-world conditions, including uneven flooring, water-filled test loads, and multiple test setups. The limits above still apply to production deployments.
Related pages
- Technical specifications — the master data table.
- Pallet and load compatibility — the load envelope that applies alongside these site limits.
- Navigation and obstacle avoidance — how the robot handles dynamic obstacles within a compliant site.